Saturday, March 2, 2013

The imperatives of National Grammar Day

Who knew that a day devoted to good grammar could be so much fun?

By Ruth Walker / March 2, 2013

How, dear reader, will you celebrate National Grammar Day?

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National Grammar Day was launched in 2008 by Martha Brockenbrough, founder of the Society for the Promotion of Good Grammar, or SPOGG. It is being observed for the sixth time on March 4.

You've got to hand it to Ms. Brockenbrough for her inspired choice of date, which forms a complete sentence: March forth!

As Mignon Fogarty, of "Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing" fame, puts it:

"Language is something to celebrate, and March 4 is the perfect day to do it. It's not only a date, it's an imperative: March forth on March 4 to speak well, write well, and help others do the same!"

NationalGrammarDay.com has all kinds of fun stuff. There are free classroom materials, including a "correct the celebrity" quiz, appropriate for middle- and high-school students, in which they are asked to copy-edit such utterances as Justin Timberlake lyrics ("When you cheated girl/ My heart bleeded girl") and to "circle the errors Paris Hilton made blogging about her new shoe collection. (Hint: there are at least three!)" Or try the Monitor's tougher quiz at http://bit.ly/CSMgrammarquiz.

There's grammar-oriented fiction, and links to retail opportunities such as "Punctuation Saves Lives" T-shirts. These demonstrate their point with two sentences, one with a comma and the other not: "Let's eat grandma" versus "Let's eat, grandma." (It's available on a fridge magnet for those who prefer to keep jokes about intrafamilial cannibalism private.)

Grammar, from a Greek word for "letters," is related to all those Greek-derived words referring to some form of writing (photography, for instance, meaning "writing with light"). By the time it came into English, in the 1300s, it referred to learning generally; a few centuries later, its meaning tightened to refer to the study of classical languages and literature. Now grammar has come to mean "the set of rules that describe the structure of a language and control the way that sentences are formed," as the Macmillan Dictionary puts it.

Grammar was traditionally taught at "grammar schools" ? an elastic term that has been used to describe primary schools as well as university prep schools, where the grammar students wrangle is, in theory at least, Greek and Latin.

Another bit of learning from my latest visit to the Online Etymology Dictionary was that Samuel Johnson's Dictionary included the wonderful term grammaticaster, defined as "a mean verbal pedant."

What does National Grammar Day say about the nation's relationship with its language? As Brockenbrough told Heidi Stevens of the Tribune Newspapers last year, "For me, the goal is to get people to think about language and why being careful with it matters. There was this idea out there that speaking well and knowing what words mean and how they work was somehow elite and untrustworthy. This is ridiculous."

Not that there isn't a certain amount of grammatical vigilantism out there, including on the SPOGG website. Indeed, SPOGG refers to its logo as embodying an "action figure" ? a vaguely anthropomorphic shape that seems to be wielding an exclamation point as a club, presumably to beat on those who do truly dumb things such as write "Debbinshire cream" instead of "Devonshire."

Let him who is without sin be the first grammaticaster.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/csm/~3/2Dm87PWkrK8/The-imperatives-of-National-Grammar-Day

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Volcanic aerosols, not pollutants, tamped down recent Earth warming

Mar. 1, 2013 ? A team led by the University of Colorado Boulder looking for clues about why Earth did not warm as much as scientists expected between 2000 and 2010 now thinks the culprits are hiding in plain sight -- dozens of volcanoes spewing sulfur dioxide.

The study results essentially exonerate Asia, including India and China, two countries that are estimated to have increased their industrial sulfur dioxide emissions by about 60 percent from 2000 to 2010 through coal burning, said lead study author Ryan Neely, who led the research as part of his CU-Boulder doctoral thesis. Small amounts of sulfur dioxide emissions from Earth's surface eventually rise 12 to 20 miles into the stratospheric aerosol layer of the atmosphere, where chemical reactions create sulfuric acid and water particles that reflect sunlight back to space, cooling the planet.

Neely said previous observations suggest that increases in stratospheric aerosols since 2000 have counterbalanced as much as 25 percent of the warming scientists blame on human greenhouse gas emissions. "This new study indicates it is emissions from small to moderate volcanoes that have been slowing the warming of the planet," said Neely, a researcher at the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, a joint venture of CU-Boulder and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

A paper on the subject was published online in Geophysical Research Letters, a publication of the American Geophysical Union. Co-authors include Professors Brian Toon and Jeffrey Thayer from CU-Boulder; Susan Solomon, a former NOAA scientist now at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Jean Paul Vernier from NASA's Langley Research Center in Hampton, Va.; Catherine Alvarez, Karen Rosenlof and John Daniel from NOAA; and Jason English, Michael Mills and Charles Bardeen from the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder.

The new project was undertaken in part to resolve conflicting results of two recent studies on the origins of the sulfur dioxide in the stratosphere, including a 2009 study led by the late David Hoffman of NOAA indicating aerosol increases in the stratosphere may have come from rising emissions of sulfur dioxide from India and China. In contrast, a 2011 study led by Vernier -- who also provided essential observation data for the new GRL study -- showed moderate volcanic eruptions play a role in increasing particulates in the stratosphere, Neely said.

The new GRL study also builds on a 2011 study led by Solomon showing stratospheric aerosols offset about a quarter of the greenhouse effect warming on Earth during the past decade, said Neely, also a postdoctoral fellow in NCAR's Advanced Study Program.

The new study relies on long-term measurements of changes in the stratospheric aerosol layer's "optical depth," which is a measure of transparency, said Neely. Since 2000, the optical depth in the stratospheric aerosol layer has increased by about 4 to 7 percent, meaning it is slightly more opaque now than in previous years.

"The biggest implication here is that scientists need to pay more attention to small and moderate volcanic eruptions when trying to understand changes in Earth's climate," said Toon of CU-Boulder's Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences. "But overall these eruptions are not going to counter the greenhouse effect. Emissions of volcanic gases go up and down, helping to cool or heat the planet, while greenhouse gas emissions from human activity just continue to go up."

The key to the new results was the combined use of two sophisticated computer models, including the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model, or WACCM, Version 3, developed by NCAR and which is widely used around the world by scientists to study the atmosphere. The team coupled WACCM with a second model, the Community Aerosol and Radiation Model for Atmosphere, or CARMA, which allows researchers to calculate properties of specific aerosols and which has been under development by a team led by Toon for the past several decades.

Neely said the team used the Janus supercomputer on campus to conduct seven computer "runs," each simulating 10 years of atmospheric activity tied to both coal-burning activities in Asia and to emissions by volcanoes around the world. Each run took about a week of computer time using 192 processors, allowing the team to separate coal-burning pollution in Asia from aerosol contributions from moderate, global volcanic eruptions. The project would have taken a single computer processor roughly 25 years to complete, said Neely.

The scientists said 10-year climate data sets like the one gathered for the new study are not long enough to determine climate change trends. "This paper addresses a question of immediate relevance to our understanding of the human impact on climate," said Neely. "It should interest those examining the sources of decadal climate variability, the global impact of local pollution and the role of volcanoes."

While small and moderate volcanoes mask some of the human-caused warming of the planet, larger volcanoes can have a much bigger effect, said Toon. When Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines erupted in 1991, it emitted millions of tons of sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere that cooled Earth slightly for the next several years.

The research for the new study was funded in part through a NOAA/ ESRL-CIRES Graduate Fellowship to Neely. The National Science Foundation and NASA also provided funding for the research project. The Janus supercomputer is supported by NSF and CU-Boulder and is a joint effort of CU-Boulder, CU Denver and NCAR.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of Colorado at Boulder.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. R. R. Neely, O. B. Toon, S. Solomon, J. P. Vernier, C. Alvarez, J. M. English, K. H. Rosenlof, M. J. Mills, C. G. Bardeen, J. S. Daniel, J. P. Thayer. Recent anthropogenic increases in SO2from Asia have minimal impact on stratospheric aerosol. Geophysical Research Letters, 2013; DOI: 10.1002/grl.50263

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/TsOWzedDGyM/130301123048.htm

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Friday, March 1, 2013

Turbulence in a crystal

Mar. 1, 2013 ? When a crystal is hit by an intense ultrashort light pulse, its atomic structure is set in motion. A team of scientists from the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), the Technischen Universit?t M?nchen (TUM), the Fritz-Haber Institute in Berlin (FHI) and the Universit?t Kassel can now observe how the configuration of electrons and atoms in titanium dioxide, a semiconductor, changes under the impact of an ultraviolet laser pulse, confirming that even subtle changes in the electron distribution caused by the excitation can have a considerable impact on the whole crystal structure.

Knowledge regarding the interaction between light and solid matter on an atomic scale is still comparable to a map with many blank spots. A number of phenomena are still waiting to be observed or understood. A new, up to date unknown aspect of the interplay between light and matter has now been examined by a team of scientists at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), the Technischen Universit?t M?nchen (TUM), the Fritz-Haber Institute in Berlin (FHI) and the Universit?t Kassel using intensive ultraviolet laser pulses with only a few femtoseconds duration (one femtosecond is a millionth of a billionth of a second).

The physicists illuminated a titanium dioxide crystal (consisting of titanium and oxygen atoms) with an intense ultraviolet laser pulse of less than five femtoseconds duration. The laser pulse excites the valence electrons in the crystal and generates a small number of hot electrons with a temperature of several thousand Kelvin. Valence electrons are electrons that are only weakly bound to the atoms in a crystal that interact strongly with each other and therefore form the bond between the atoms in a crystal. The continuous interplay between the positions of the atomic cores and the valence electrons determines the material characteristics such as electric conductivity, optical properties or the crystal lattice structure.

Following the first, intense laser pulse, the changes in the reflectivity of the crystal on the femtosecond timescale were observed by a second, weak light pulse. This measurement provides the scientists with information on the changes in the crystal induced by the first laser pulse: the intense ultraviolet laser pulse did not only heat up the valence electrons but also changed the electron distribution within the lattice. The electron density was reduced around the oxygen atoms and increased around the titanium atoms. This redistribution of the electrons causes a shift of the equilibrium position of the oxygen atoms relative to the titanium atoms, which leads to an oscillatory motion of the oxygen atoms around the new equilibrium position. In an intuitive picture the oxygen atoms in the crystal potential surface can be compared to a ball in a bowl. In the ground state, the ball is at rest at the center of the bowl. The excitation of the electrons corresponds to a sudden shift of the bowl, and the ball oscillates around its new minimum position.

In their experiment, the scientists also observed a suprising effect: after the excitation with the laser pulse, the electrons cool down to room temperature within about 20 femtoseconds, while the crystal is only heated slightly on these timescales. The cooling of the electrons led to an additional significant change in the valence electron distribution. In consequence, the equilibrium position of the lattice was shifted even further from the initial position of the ground state. Such a dependence of the crystal structure on the electron temperature has long been predicted theoretically. Now it could be observed experimentally for the first time. The results show that even subtle changes in the electron distribuition can have a significant impact on the equilibrium state of a crystal. The understanding of such phenomena can be helpful in the design of new materials.

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics. The original article was written by Thorsten Naeser.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Elisabeth M. Bothschafter, Alexander Paarmann, Eeuwe S. Zijlstra, Nicholas Karpowicz, Martin E. Garcia, Reinhard Kienberger, Ralph Ernstorfer. Ultrafast Evolution of the Excited-State Potential Energy Surface of TiO_{2} Single Crystals Induced by Carrier Cooling. Physical Review Letters, 2013; 110 (6) DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.067402

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/~3/FYNvm5HLh0U/130301051617.htm

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The New Dyson AM05 Is The Darth Vader Of Space Heaters

AM05 Black HeroBeautiful design and utility are, in many ways, paramount when it comes to home electronics. That's why I was really impressed by the the new AM05 space heater/cooler from Dyson. It's a completely quiet, blade-less system that comes in a black and nickel color scheme that looks like it fell off of Boba Fett's Slave 1.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/xuFXDGjmmfo/

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Well-being features of a vehicle Dodge Journey - Pass Port Auto ...

1 65404632 (1)With a advanced style but cool, the Dodge Journey is a personal prepared to answer the various requirements and requirements of these appearing for a top-quality car, with big multi-passenger ability and high performance of your motor.

This Dodge car unit along with additional equivalent model offers the flexibility modern families of MPV vehicle area capacity by way of a sport utility vehicle SUV.

Another of the advantages of that type of vehicle is its modular seats minivan, along with the chance of adding two extra seats, the compartment for items, in many cases fall throughout the floor and under the front passenger seat, and great his trunk ability that allows load all of the required gear.

The main security features of a Dodge Journey or equivalent automobile makes this sort of favorite automobile for younger people.

Specifically the unit Dodge Journey is elected in the market for its excellent safety advantages, both active and passive, why was honored for safety by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety within the United States, on three consecutive occasions.

The advanced well-being equipment which include contemporary car has proactive headrest inside the driver?s seat and front passenger airbags as well as a variety of multistage, including driver, front passenger, front side airbags, side curtain airbags and extra low risk deployment front seats.

Also this vehicle has disc brakes on each wheel, Brake Assist, advanced anti-lock brakes, stability control, traction control, anti-roll mitigation and electronic tire stress control.

Other advanced elements accessible to the automobile for maximum well-being are the side coverage pubs both front and rear doorway against impacts and optionally may be placed ParkView rear camera.

The general effectiveness presenting this car is complemented with defroster power mirrors, the new opening system and keyless ignition Enter?N called Go, which does not need the use of the key, the locks which are velocity sensitive, monitoring tire pressure, folding steering column 12V auxiliary outputs and trip computer. While its comfortable inside with air conditioning, modern-day type LED inside lights and radio control during the helm, manages to turn every trip as a very comfortable and fashionable journey.

Sporty, useful and fashionable the Dodge Journey along with different similar unit minivan is recommended to move the vehicle while using the family to various destinations.

Source: http://www.passportautomotive.com/well-being-features-of-a-vehicle-dodge-journey-or-similar/

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Countries With More Sugar in Food Supply Have More Diabetes ...

sugar OS61855 Countries With More Sugar in Food Supply Have More Diabetes

By Serena Gordon
HealthDay Reporter

WEDNESDAY, Feb. 27 (HealthDay News) ? It?s a common belief that type 2 diabetes is caused by eating too much sugar. While it?s not nearly that simple, a new study bolsters the connection between the disorder and sugar consumption.

The study found that even when researchers factored obesity out, an association still remained between the amount of sugar in the food supply and a country?s rate of diabetes.

?The old mantra that ?a calorie is a calorie? is probably naive,? said study lead author Dr. Sanjay Basu, an assistant professor of medicine at Stanford University. ?Some calories may be more metabolically harmful than others, and sugar calories appear to have remarkably potent properties that make us concerned about their long-term metabolic effects. This study also suggests that obesity alone may not be the only issue in [the development of] diabetes.?

Results of the study are published Feb. 27 in the journal PLoS One.

The prevalence of diabetes in the world has more than doubled over the last 30 years, according to study background information. That means nearly one in 10 adults in the world has diabetes, and most of those have type 2 diabetes. (The less-common type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that?s not related to food intake.)

Although the development of type 2 diabetes is associated with obesity and sedentary lifestyles, not everyone with type 2 diabetes is overweight, according to the American Diabetes Association. A genetic susceptibility to the disease is also believed to play a role.

Previous research has suggested that obesity isn?t the only driver in the development of type 2 disease, and some studies have pinpointed excessive sugar intake, particularly sugars added to processed foods.

To get an idea of whether sugar plays an independent role in type 2 diabetes, Basu and his colleagues reviewed data from the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization on the availability of foods in 175 countries. They also obtained data on the prevalence of diabetes in adults from the International Diabetes Federation.

Using statistical methods to tease out certain factors, such as obesity, the researchers found that the availability of sugar in the diet was linked to diabetes. For every additional 150 calories of sugar ? about the amount in a 12-ounce can of sweetened soda ? that were available per person daily, the prevalence of diabetes rose 1 percent in the population.

And, this rise was independent of obesity, physical activity and other factors that might contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes, the investigators found.

But, when the researchers looked at 150 additional calories per person a day from other sources, they found only a 0.1 percent rise in the rate of diabetes.

Basu said there are likely a number of ways that sugar might contribute directly to the development of diabetes, such as increasing insulin resistance and inflammation.

However, it?s important to note that this study doesn?t prove that sugar causes diabetes, it only found an association between them. Basu also noted that the study was done on a population level, so it doesn?t predict an individual?s risk of type 2 diabetes based on the amount of sugar consumed.

The study also wasn?t able to distinguish between types of sugar, such as high-fructose corn syrup or natural sugar. Other research has suggested that high-fructose corn syrup, in particular, may be linked to higher rates of diabetes. A recent study in the journal Global Public Health found that the rates of type 2 diabetes were 20 percent greater in countries where the use of high-fructose corn syrup was higher.

For its part, a sugar industry group agreed that the inability to differentiate between sugars was a significant limitation of the study.

?The correlation discussed in this paper relies on lumping together natural sugar with the man-made replacement, high-fructose corn syrup,? the Washington, D.C.-based Sugar Association said in a prepared statement. ?It is difficult to reconcile the correlation drawn between sugar and diabetes [in this study] given the fact that Americans are consuming far less natural sugar today than we were for most of the last 100 years,? they noted.

Meanwhile, Dr. Joel Zonszein, director of the Clinical Diabetes Center at Montefiore Medical Center in New York City, said that type 2 diabetes is a complex disease, and that its development is multi-factorial. ?Eating a lot of sugar is not good, especially the sugar substitutes like fructose and sucrose. But, I wouldn?t underplay the importance of exercise and caloric intake,? Zonszein said.

?And, you have to have individuals who have a genetic abnormality first before you can have type 2 diabetes,? he added.

But, if you?ve been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes, Zonszein said one of the most dramatic changes someone can make is to stop drinking sweetened drinks. ?When patients can stop drinking sugary drinks, their diabetes improves. It?s simple, and it makes a big difference,? he said.

More information

Learn more about type 2 diabetes from the American Diabetes Association.

HEALTHDAY Web XSmall Countries With More Sugar in Food Supply Have More Diabetes

Source: http://news.health.com/2013/02/27/countries-with-more-sugar-in-food-supply-have-more-diabetes/

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Business Expansions, Community Projects, Entrepreneur Program ...

LANSING ? The Michigan Economic Development Corp. Wednesday announced Michigan Strategic Fund approval of $6 million in funding for entrepreneurship and innovation programs as well as Michigan Business Development and Community Revitalization program incentives to eight companies that are expanding in the state.

The eight expansions are expected to generate up to $95.8 million in new capital investments and add 789 new jobs in Michigan.

Michigan Translational Research and Commercialization Program?? The MSF approved $6 million for innovation and entrepreneurship projects through the Michigan Translational Research and Commercialization Program. M-TRAC?is funded by the 21st Century Jobs Fund to create high-tech jobs through commercialization of university research and creation of university spin-offs in focused areas. MTRAC uses the nationally recognized Coulter Process to translate innovations into economic value.

The MSF approved the following awards for research commercialization:
* Michigan State University: $1,092,500 for agro-biotechnology and bioprocessing.
* University of Michigan: $2,415,000 for life sciences.
* University of Michigan: $150,000 for a pilot project in advanced transportation.
* Michigan Technological University: $517,500 for advanced applied materials.
* Wayne State University: $100,000 for a commercialization roadmap review (first tranche) with the possibility of receiving an additional $1,073,000 upon a revised proposal.
* Western Michigan University: $50,000 for a commercialization roadmap review.
* Eastern Michigan University: $50,000 for a commercialization roadmap review.
* MEDC: $552,000 for an incentive fund to reward the early commercial successes coming out of the M-TRAC programs.

The MSF also approved incentives for the following business expansions:

* A $1 million Community Revitalization Program performance-based grant has been awarded to 614 First Street Partners, LLC to renovate the former Miller Products Corp. factory into headquarters for the Rockford Construction Co. in?Grand Rapids. The project will transform the approximately 70,000 square-foot industrial building into corporate offices, a general trades yard and warehouse, commercial retail space for lease, an open-air courtyard and a community room. The project is expected to generate a total capital investment of up to $7.9 million and retain approximately 85 permanent full-time jobs.?Grand Rapids has approved a Brownfield Plan to assist in addressing brownfield issues.

* Baker Aerospace Tooling and Machining specializes in producing complex three-dimensional prototype parts and tooling for the aircraft, military and automotive industries. The company plans to expand in Macomb Charter Township, investing $9.86 million and adding 188 jobs. As a result of the expansion, Baker has been awarded an $800,000 Michigan Business Development Program performance-based grant. Michigan was chosen over a competing site in Florida. Macomb Charter Township has offered a seven-year Tool & Die Recovery Zone valued at $766,000 in support of the project.

*Black & Veatch Corp.?is a global engineering, consulting and construction company specializing in energy, water and telecommunications. The company has more than 9,000 employees and more than 100 offices worldwide, with 266 employees currently in Michigan. Black & Veatch is expanding its energy and telecommunication services sectors in?Ann Arbor. The company plans to invest at least $13.5 million and add 75 jobs, resulting in $435,000 Michigan Business Development Program performance-based grant. Michigan was chosen over competing sites in Arizona, North Carolina and Minnesota.

* Grand Rapids Downtown Market Holdings, LLC is constructing a 25,000 square foot market on multiple parcels in the City of Grand Rapids. The project will include indoor areas for a multi-vendor, year-round fresh food market, and space for a seasonal outdoor farmers? market and other food services. On-site surface parking will be provided, and machinery and equipment investments are related to outfitting kitchen and retail areas. The project will generate a total capital investment of approximately $30 million and create 295 new jobs. As a result, the project has been awarded a $3,000,000 Michigan Community Revitalization Program loan.?Grand Rapids is offering support to the project in the form of public infrastructure improvements valued at $4.7 million, and the Grand Rapids City Parking Commission has contributed $400,000 to the project.

* Heart of Howell, LLC?plans to fully renovate three historic properties in downtown Howell to prepare them for retail, office and commercial space. The project is expected to generate investment of $2.5 million and create 19 full-time jobs. The project has been awarded a Community Revitalization Program performance-based grant of $375,868.?Howell is providing support in the form of a DDA Fa?ade Grant valued at $58,000 and a 12-year Obsolete Property Rehabilitation Abatement valued at $94,196.

* Herbruck Poultry Ranch Inc.?is a family owned egg producer in Ionia County. The company has opportunities to expand its egg production and processing facilities, investing up to $17.2 million and creating 55 jobs. As a result of the expansion, Herbruck has been awarded a $500,000 Michigan Business Development Program performance-based grant. The Lakewood Wastewater Authority is offering to waive the sanitary sewer connection fee of $405,000.

* Parkland Muskegon Inc.?plans to renovate one of the only remaining buildings left of the structures that formerly comprised the downtown Muskegon Mall. The eight-story building will be converted into a residential apartment development, along with the construction of two-story addition to provide additional residential units. Improvements will include landscaping and parking lot for residents. The project will generate a total of $10.7 million in total capital investment and create two full time jobs, resulting in a $1.95 million Community Revitalization Program performance-based loan.

* Two Men And A Truck is the first and largest local moving franchise system in the United States, offering a full range of home and business moving services. The company has the opportunity to grow its number of franchise locations and plans to expand its corporate headquarters in Delhi Township, which will include support departments such as customer care, franchise business consultants, training and development, service desk and a call center.? The project will generate a total capital investment of up to $3.95 million and create 125 new jobs over the next five years. As a result of the expansion, the company has been awarded a $350,000 Michigan Business Development Program performance-based grant.

The MEDC markets the state with a focus on business, talent, jobs and helping to grow the economy. For more on MEDC and its initiatives, visit www.MichiganAdvantage.org.

Source: http://detroit.cbslocal.com/2013/02/27/business-expansions-community-projects-entrepreneur-program-get-state-support/

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